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In ancient times, grains of various plants were mainly used as units of mass measurement for jewelry. Today we use more convenient designations, but even the word “carat” comes from the name of the carob tree, the seeds of which also served to determine the value of a stone or pearl.
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What is Carat?
So, there is an international treaty called the Metric Convention, which is currently signed by 55 industrialized and commercial states. This agreement ensures the consistency and unity of measurement standards, among which is the carat, as a unit of measurement for the mass of a gemstone or pearl.
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How much does 1 carat weigh when measuring the mass of gemstones?
According to the certificate, the weight of a carat is equivalent to 200 mg (0.2 grams). Moreover, in most countries (including Russia), a carat cannot have a fractional part, and the weight of a raw material or product is indicated by an integer.
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Obsolete carat
In the literature and scientific works of the bygone time, you can also find the designations “English carat” and “Arabic carat” (aka “kirat”).
The English carat (about 205.4 grams) was used in Britain and its colonies until 1888 and was equal to about 3.170 of the troy grain, which, in turn, was the equivalent of the weight of the average grain of barley.
The Arabic carat was defined differently in different countries of the Middle East and Asia. For example, in Egypt and Syria it was equal to about 195 mg, and in Asia Minor – 204 mg.
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Karat in gold
Our compatriots are often confused by the fact that in many Western countries the fineness of gold is measured in carats. Indeed, how can the ratio of metals in a product be determined by a unit of weight?
In fact, everything is simple. Just like the standard we are accustomed to, the carat determines the proportion of pure gold in the alloy, or rather, in its 24 weight fractions. Converting the sample to carats is quite simple, you just need to multiply the existing value by 24 and then divide by 1000. For example, to convert to 585 carats, we use a simple equation:
X = 24 × 585: 1000 = 14 carats (585th fineness corresponds to 14 carats)
Similarly, you can convert carats to sample:
X = 1000 × 18: 24 = 750 fineness (18 ct corresponds to 750 fineness).
The most common gold alloys (carats and samples)
- 24 carat = 999 fineness = 100% gold alloy
- 18 carat = 750 standart = 75% gold in the alloy
- 14 carat = 585 fineness = 58.5% gold in the alloy
- 12 Carat = 500 fineness = 50% gold in the alloy
- 9 Carat = 375 fineness = 37.5% gold in the alloy
- 8 Carat = 333 fineness = 33.3% gold in the alloy
See also:
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